Run the List

Celiac Disease: Approach to Diagnosis

Mon, 30 Mar 2026 09:00:12 +0000

Gastroenterologist Dr. Sith Sekar joins Navin Kumar to review the diagnosis of celiac disease, including the presenting signs and symptoms, the optimal serology screening approach, the role of celiac genetic testing, and how to confirm the diagnosis.

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Colon Cancer Screening

Mon, 09 Feb 2026 10:00:57 +0000

Gastroenterologist Dr. Sith Sekar joins Navin Kumar to review the important topic of colon cancer screening, including how to calculate individual risk based on family history, options for screening, and some tips to ensure high-quality colonoscopy.

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Overview of Obesity

Mon, 05 Jan 2026 10:00:37 +0000

Endocrinologist Brooke Matson joins Walker Redd to outline a practical framework for obesity management, including patient-centered counseling, lifestyle interventions, the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, as well as when to consider bariatric surgery.

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SIBO Part III: Treatment

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 10:00:10 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, gastroenterologist and RTL co-founder, joins guest-host Ally Scheve to discuss how to treat Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). In this final episode of the three part series, they discuss the approach to antibiotic therapy for SIBO, the importance of understanding the subtype of SIBO when determining a treatment plan, and conclude with non-antibiotic approaches to treatment.

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SIBO Part II: Diagnosis

Mon, 24 Nov 2025 10:00:15 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, gastroenterologist and RTL co-founder, joins guest-host Ally Scheve to discuss how to diagnose Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). In this episode, they discuss the diagnostic tools for SIBO, how the lactulose breath test works, and important precautions patients should take prior to the breath test to ensure an accurate reading.

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SIBO Part I: Clinical Presentation

Mon, 03 Nov 2025 09:00:27 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, gastroenterologist and RTL co-founder, joins guest-host Ally Scheve to discuss the clinical presentation of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) in this three-part series. In this episode, they discuss the pathophysiology of SIBO, how bacteria in the small intestine lead to GI symptoms, and the risk factors for developing SIBO.

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When Illness Scripts Fail: A Mystery Case

Tue, 30 Sep 2025 09:00:32 +0000

In this special episode, Dr. Mitchell Charap, longtime IM residency program director and master clinician at NYU Langone, walks us through a mystery case that defies expectations. Together, he and host Emily Gutowski explore how illness scripts can both guide and sometimes mislead our diagnostic reasoning, and why the physical exam remains an indispensable tool.

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Sedation and Anesthesia in the ICU

Mon, 08 Sep 2025 08:00:19 +0000

Critical care attending Dr. Maria Sunseri and critical care pharmacist Dr. Brynna Crovetto join Emily Gutowski for a deep dive into sedation and analgesia in the ICU. They explain how to assess agitation, titrate sedation depth using the RASS scale, compare analgesia vs. anesthesia, and choose between agents like fentanyl, propofol, dexmedetomidine, and ketamine. They also share practical pearls for safe weaning from sedation and interdisciplinary extubation planning.

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Blastomycosis

Mon, 11 Aug 2025 08:00:31 +0000

Dr. Matthew Pullen, infectious disease physician at the University of Minnesota, joins host Walker Redd to discuss blastomycosis, an often-overlooked endemic fungal infection. Through a case presentation, they explore epidemiology, classic histopathologic findings, and a variety of clinical manifestations, including pulmonary, cutaneous, CNS, and musculoskeletal. They also walk through diagnostic strategies and treatment approaches based on disease severity.

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Septic Shock

Mon, 21 Jul 2025 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Vikramjit Mukherjee, critical care physician at NYU and Bellevue, joins Dr. Emily Gutowski for a review of septic shock management. They first review the diagnosis of SIRS vs. sepsis vs. severe sepsis vs. septic shock. Additional topics include identifying possible sources of infection, recognizing red flags, and initiating timely, adequate fluid resuscitation, including in special patient populations (e.g., CKD and CHF). Lastly, they briefly review the use of vasopressors in septic shock.

Check out Sketchy's new fully immersive, real-life case simulations that challenge you to apply classroom knowledge to clinical decision-making today! First 10 users to use code RUNTHELIST will get a free year of cases access. https://tinyurl.com/sketchy-runthelist

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Osteoporosis

Mon, 30 Jun 2025 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Walker Redd interviews Dr. Brooke Matson, endocrinologist at UNC Chapel Hill, about osteoporosis. Together, they review the diagnosis of osteoporosis and osteopenia, the use of the FRAX calculator, and the basics of antiresorptive and anabolic therapies. They also cover lifestyle changes that patients with osteoporosis can incorporate to prevent fractures.

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Perioperative Risk and Management

Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Dr. Emily Gutowski interviews Dr. Michael Janjigian about preoperative assessment and perioperative medicine. They discuss the recent updates to perioperative management guidelines, the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) and Gupta scores, and integration of laboratory data into preoperative visits. This episode also helps identify patients who may need additional testing prior to surgery.

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Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome

Mon, 19 May 2025 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Ryan Bonner returns to explore cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome and its clinical implications through the lens of chronic kidney disease. The discussion walks through atherosclerotic risk, weight management, hypertension, and heart failure, offering a multidisciplinary, practical approach to managing CKM.

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CKD: General Management

Mon, 28 Apr 2025 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Walker Redd interviews Dr. Ryan Bonner, nephrologist at UNC School of Medicine, about principles of managing a patient with CKD. They discuss best practices in assessing a patient's true renal function, review the major classes of medications in CKD, and go over some common pitfalls in treating these patients.

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Pulmonary Embolism

Mon, 07 Apr 2025 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Allison Greco, pulmonary and critical care specialist at Bellevue Hospital, sits down with Dr. Emily Gutowski and discusses the initial presentation, workup, and management of a patient with a pulmonary embolism. They go through diagnostic modalities, scoring systems, and the various treatment options for patients depending on their risk profile. They discuss provoked vs. unprovoked PEs, and recommendations for longer term anticoagulation.

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Gout: Acute and Long-Term Management

Wed, 26 Mar 2025 09:00:00 +0000

In part 2 of our series on gout, Dr. Michael Pillinger is back to talk about treatment strategies in the acute setting, as well as how to approach urate-lowering therapies in the outpatient setting. He and Dr. Gutowski discuss the impact of lifestyle changes on gout control, and review the elements that may trigger a gout attack.

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Gout: Presentation and Workup

Mon, 03 Mar 2025 10:00:00 +0000

Dr. Emily Gutowski interviews Dr. Michael Pillinger, NYU rheumatologist and gout expert, about the initial presentation and workup of a patient with this gout. This is the first episode of a two-part series on gout. Join us for the next episode where we'll dive into acute management and long-term outpatient treatment strategies for this chronic condition.

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Approach to Prevention in Cardiovascular Disease

Mon, 17 Feb 2025 10:00:00 +0000

Dr. Greg Katz, a cardiologist at NYU Langone Health, takes us through a comprehensive approach to preventing cardiovascular disease in a patient with multiple risk factors. Using a patient case, Dr. Katz explains how to balance lifestyle changes with medical interventions and the role of imaging in risk assessment. He also discusses advanced lipid testing including Apolipoprotein B (apoB) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), and the evolving use of medications like statins and GLP-1 agonists.

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A brief update from RTL

Mon, 10 Feb 2025 10:00:00 +0000

Here’s a quick update on some exciting changes at RTL and a look towards the future! Our goal is to deliver more consistent content with a continued focus on internal medicine, covering both inpatient and outpatient topics. Moving forward, rather than releasing episodes by organ system or specialty, we’ll be prioritizing episodes based on when we interview excellent guests for expert interviews. We are so grateful for your continued support and listenership!

Feel free to email us at runthelist@gmail.com with any comments, suggestions, or questions.

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Approach to Dyspepsia

Wed, 05 Feb 2025 10:00:00 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar and Dr. Walker Redd discuss their approach to dyspepsia in the outpatient setting. They walk through key symptoms, when to consider H. pylori testing, and how to think about PPI trials. They explore the role of functional dyspepsia, the impact of medications like GLP-1 agonists, and navigating the delicate balance of avoiding unnecessary invasive tests while still ensuring thorough care.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis

Mon, 23 Dec 2024 10:00:00 +0000

Dr. Joyce Zhou, hospitalist at BIDMC, interviews Dr. Emily Gutowski, rheumatology fellow at NYU, about rheumatoid arthritis. They discuss a case of early RA, as well as important diagnostic considerations and first steps in managing this chronic condition.

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Role of Endoscopy and pH Monitoring in GERD

Mon, 25 Nov 2024 10:00:00 +0000

In the third episode of our series on GERD, Dr. Navin Kumar and Dr. Emily Gutowski do a deep dive into the role of endoscopy and pH monitoring for patients with GERD. They discuss the indications for these diagnostic tests, as well as their limitations.

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Outpatient Management of GERD

Tue, 15 Oct 2024 11:00:00 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar and Dr. Emily Gutowski continue their discussion of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and tackle the core elements of treatment in the outpatient setting. They go over initial management for milder disease and more aggressive strategies for severe cases. They also go over how to ramp up and taper down PPI treatment, as well as some of the side effects of this commonly prescribed class of medications. This is the second of three episodes on GERD.

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Outpatient Evaluation of GERD

Wed, 28 Aug 2024 10:00:00 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, discusses an approach to GERD with Dr. Emily Gutowski, rheumatology fellow at NYU. Together, they discuss "can't-miss diagnoses" on the differential, as well as the pathophysiology and potential etiologies of GERD. Check back in for another episode focusing on endoscopy findings and treatment for GERD!

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Approach to Diuresis

Mon, 06 Nov 2023 15:03:52 +0000

Dr. Leslie Chang, a hospitalist at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), discusses an approach to diuresis with host Dr. Joyce Zhou, a resident at MGH and core Run the List podcast member. Together, they discuss determining a patient's volume status via history, physical exam, and labs in order to guide inpatient diuresis decision-making.

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Approach to Dysphagia

Mon, 09 Oct 2023 13:23:25 +0000

Dr. Walker Redd, a gastroenterology fellow at the University of North Carolina and co-founder of the Run the List podcast, discusses his approach to dysphagia with host Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending Gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of RTL. Together, they discuss the meaning of dysphagia, its causes, and ways to manage it.

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Renal Replacement Therapies

Mon, 13 Mar 2023 07:00:18 +0000

Dr. Staci Leisman, Associate Professor of Medicine and Medical Education at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, joins us to discuss renal replacement therapies. With host Dr. Emily Gutowski, she works through several cases that highlight the different types of RRT, advantages and disadvantages of each, as well as clinical pearls to consider when treating patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD).

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Interpretation of Urine Studies

Mon, 27 Feb 2023 08:00:55 +0000

Dr. Samira Farouk discusses her approach to interpreting urine studies. Together with host Dr. Emily Gutowski, she teaches listeners about the plethora of information that can be obtained from this simple lab test. This episode covers a review of the basics, as well as important caveats to keep in mind.

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Acid-Base Disorders

Mon, 13 Feb 2023 08:00:59 +0000

Dr. Alexis "AC" Gomez, a second year fellow at the combined MGH, Brigham and Women's, and Boston Children's nephrology program, discusses acid-base disorders with Dr. Joyce Zhou, a RTL host. She defines acid-base disorders, shares common etiologies, and offers a 5-step approach to characterizing these abnormalities.

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Hypernatremia

Mon, 30 Jan 2023 08:00:15 +0000

Dr. Alexis "AC" Gomez, a second year fellow in the combined MGH, Brigham and Women's, and Boston Children's nephrology fellowship, continues a discussion of sodium disorders with a conversation about hypernatremia with Dr. Joyce Zhou, a RTL host and internal medicine resident. She shares her approach to high sodium disorders and pearls on diagnostics and management of this disorder.

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Hyponatremia

Mon, 16 Jan 2023 08:00:26 +0000

Dr. Alexis "AC" Gomez, a second year fellow at the combined MGH, Brigham and Women's, and Boston Children's nephrology program, discusses her approach to hyponatremia with host Dr. Joyce Zhou. She shares the pathophysiology behind her diagnostic framework for hyponatremia and her systematic approach, and discusses pearls such as how to use ddAVP clamps in treating this disorder.

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Hypokalemia

Mon, 02 Jan 2023 08:00:16 +0000

Dr. Samira Farouk, transplant nephrologist at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, continues our nephrology series with a discussion of hypokalemia. She and Dr. Emily Gutowski, RTL host, cover the potential causes of low potassium and important concepts to keep in mind while treating this electrolyte disturbance.

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Hyperkalemia

Mon, 19 Dec 2022 08:00:32 +0000

Dr. Rahul Maheshwari, second year nephrology fellow at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, discusses hyperkalemia with Dr. Emily Gutowski, a RTL host and internal medicine resident. They cover the potential causes of elevated potassium, how to think about acuity, and treatment guidelines to correct this electrolyte disturbance.

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Acute Kidney Injury

Mon, 05 Dec 2022 08:00:01 +0000

Dr. Rahul Maheshwari, second year nephrology fellow at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, discusses acute kidney injury with Dr. Emily Gutowski, a RTL host and internal medicine resident. Together, they discuss the presentation, differential diagnosis, and treatment considerations of AKI.

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Acute Liver Failure

Tue, 22 Nov 2022 08:00:34 +0000

Dr. Raymond Chung, a gastroenterologist and Transplant Hematologist who is the Director of the Hepatology and Liver Center at MGH and a Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, discusses acute liver failure with Dr. Joyce Zhou, a RTL host and internal medicine resident. In the episode, he defines acute liver failure (ALF) and discusses pathophysiology, etiologies of ALF, complications by system, and tenets of management. He also discusses new treatments for liver failure in the developmental pipeline.

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Cirrhosis

Mon, 07 Nov 2022 08:00:55 +0000

Dr. Raymond Chung, a Gastroenterologist and Transplant Hepatologist who is the Director of the Hepatology and Liver Center at MGH and a Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, joins host of RTL and internal medicine resident, Dr. Joyce Zhou, to discuss an approach to decompensated cirrhosis. In the episode, the two cover underlying pathophysiology, complications, and management of patients with cirrhosis from oral medications through transplant consideration. Their discussion touches on ascites, esophageal varices, hepatic encephalopathy, SBP diagnosis, TIPS use, hepato-renal syndrome, and more. The episode closes with Dr. Chung’s big picture pearls for thinking about and caring for cirrhotic patients.

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Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

Mon, 24 Oct 2022 07:00:21 +0000

Dr. Sasha-Deutsch Link, a Gastroenterology and Hepatology fellow at the University of North Carolina (UNC), joins host her co-fellow Dr. Walker Redd, co-founder and host of RTL, to discuss Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease. Through a case discussion of a patient with acute alcohol-associated hepatitis, they review patient-centered terminology, the relevant diagnostic workup, and how to think both acute and chronic alcohol-associated liver disease. They also cover important principles of management, including supportive care, nutrition, pyschosocial support, pharmacotherapy for alcohol cessation, and consideration of early liver transplant, as well as the importance of longitudinal follow-up.

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Approach to Abnormal LFTs

Mon, 10 Oct 2022 07:00:52 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending Gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of the Run the List podcast and host Blake Smith discuss how to approach a patient presenting with acute right-upper quadrant (RUQ) pain. Together, they discuss the various causes of RUQ pain, in addition to how to approach a set of liver function tests (LFTs), differentiating hepatocellular injury from a cholestatic pattern. They then discuss how various forms of imaging (RUQUS, CT) can guide diagnosis and management, leading to a discussion about the use of ERCP and cholecystectomy in such cases. Lastly, the episode closes with a diagnosis and three clinical pearls about RUQ pain and abnormal LFTs.

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IBD Management

Mon, 26 Sep 2022 07:00:39 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of the Run the List podcast and Dr. Walker Redd, a Gastroenterology fellow at the University of North Carolina and co-founder of RTL, discuss Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Building on the prior episode covering an approach to diarrhea, they first discuss diagnosing IBD and distinguishing between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Through a case discussion of a patient with UC, they provide an overview the initial management options for lower risk patients with mild to moderate UC and then review how to manage an acute, severe UC flare.

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Approach to Diarrhea

Mon, 12 Sep 2022 07:00:32 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending Gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of the Run the List podcast and host Blake Smith discuss how to approach a patient presenting with diarrhea. In this episode, Navin discusses his framework for thinking through these cases, from patient history to chronicity and quality. Through a case discussion, they review the definition of diarrhea, the broad types of diarrhea (watery, fatty, and inflammatory), and how to further workup these cases using colonoscopy and biopsy. The episode closes with a diagnosis and three clinical pearls, setting the stage for RTL's next episode dedicated to IBD management.

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Biliary Tract Stone Disease

Mon, 29 Aug 2022 07:00:15 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending Gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of the Run the List podcast and Dr. Walker Redd, a Gastroenterology fellow at the University of North Carolina and co-founder of RTL, discuss biliary tract stone disease. In this episode, Navin and Walker share how they approach common presentations of gallstone pathology. Through a case discussion, they review the terminology used to distinguish the different conditions, initial management steps, further workup including appropriate imaging studies, and the role of the Advanced Endoscopy and general surgery teams.

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Lower GI Bleeding

Mon, 15 Aug 2022 07:00:39 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending Gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of the Run the List podcast and Dr. Walker Redd, a Gastroenterology fellow at the University of North Carolina and co-founder of RTL, discuss lower GI bleeding. In this episode, Navin and Walker share how they approach lower GI bleeding. Through a case discussion, they review strategies for localizing the source of bleeding, initial management steps, the approach to endoscopic evaluation, and how to effectively communicate with the GI consult team.

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Upper GI Bleeding (Variceal Bleeding)

Mon, 01 Aug 2022 07:00:56 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending Gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of the Run the List podcast, and Dr. Walker Redd, a Gastroenterology fellow at the University of North Carolina and co-founder of RTL, discuss variceal upper GI bleeding to build upon the principles discussed in the non-variceal UGIB episode. In this episode, Navin and Walker use a case discussion to emphasize the importance of recognizing which patients are at risk for variceal bleeding, what distinguishes variceal GI bleeding from other sources of GIB, initial steps in management, and additional considerations to keep in mind when caring for these patients.

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Upper GI Bleeding (Non-Variceal)

Mon, 18 Jul 2022 08:00:17 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending Gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of the Run the List podcast continues Season 2 of RTL’s partnership with McGraw Hill Medical by discussing upper GI bleeding with Dr. Walker Redd, a Gastroenterology fellow at the University of North Carolina and co-founder of RTL. In this episode, Navin and Walker share how they approach non-variceal upper GI bleeding. Through a case discussion of this common presentation, they review how to localize the potential source, frame the differential diagnosis, initially manage these patients, how to effectively communicate with the GI consult team, and the role of endoscopy.

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Pancreatitis

Fri, 01 Jul 2022 11:26:36 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of Run the List podcast kicks off Season 2 of RTL’s partnership with McGraw Hill Medical by chatting with RTL host Blake Smith about pancreatitis. In this episode, Navin brings new content, new pearls, and new tips for trainees (especially for newly-minted interns!) as they approach a case of acute pancreatitis. Together, they walk through the criteria for diagnosing acute pancreatitis: from clinical signs to laboratory and radiographic findings. Navin discusses risk stratification, early management - including aggressive fluid resuscitation and pain control - and etiologies of acute pancreatitis. Lastly, the episode closes with Navin’s pearls about the pillars of pancreatitis management and when to call a consult.

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Med Ed for Residents, Fellows, and Faculty (Part 2)

Tue, 31 May 2022 08:00:46 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of Run the List podcast talks with RTL host Blake Smith in a two-part series focused on Med Ed. This second episode caters to later trainees - residents, fellows, and new attendings/faculty - as they seek out opportunities in Med Ed. Navin offers some pearls for listeners - to diversify your educational portfolio, strive to be scholarly, take on formal learning opportunities, and seek out opportunities to become a more effective teacher with avenues for feedback and evaluation. The episode closes with a focus on digital medical education and the role of #MedTwitter and podcasting in teaching.

Navin's famous SIBO (small intestinal bacterial overgrowth) tweetorial: https://twitter.com/navinkumarmd/status/1270014308701831168

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Med Ed for Medical Students (Part 1)

Fri, 20 May 2022 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar, an attending gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, medical educator at Harvard Medical School, and co-founder of Run the List podcast talks with RTL host Blake Smith in a two-part series focused on Med Ed. This first episode caters to early trainees and Navin takes listeners through his journey with medical education from his early days as a medical student. The episode walks through Navin's many pearls on becoming involved in Med Ed, including: 1) start early & often, 2) say yes, and 3) practice your skills (informally & formally). Stay tuned for part 2, which will focus on later trainees!

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Careers in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine - with Dr. Daniela Lamas

Mon, 04 Apr 2022 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Daniela Lamas, an Instructor in Medicine at Harvard Medical School and an attending physician in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital chats with Blake Smith (host) about a career in Pulm/CCM. They talk together about the field of Pulm/CCM at large - from outpatient pulmonary clinic (COPD, asthma) to the ICU - in addition to sub-specializing in specific genetic diseases (CF), lung transplants, or interstitial lung diseases. They also talk about what it's been like to be an intensivist during the pandemic as a clinician at the bedside, navigating difficult conversations with families in new formats. They discuss Dr. Lamas’

love of writing as an outlet for patient care in the hospital, and how she serves as a guest contributor to prominent publications, is a writer on the medical TV show “The Resident”, and author of a newly-published book.

You can find some of her guest essays in the New York Times here: https://www.nytimes.com/by/daniela-j-lamas

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Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure/ARDS

Mon, 14 Mar 2022 13:03:35 +0000

Dr. Morgan Soffler, a Pulmonologist and ICU intensivist at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), and an Assistant Professor at Harvard Medical School, continue a discussion of a patient with hypoxia in the setting of acute respiratory distress (from Ep. 73) with RTL host, Dr. Navin Kumar. Together, they talk through ARDS definition, etiology, pathophysiology, and ventilatory support.

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Respiratory Support

Mon, 28 Feb 2022 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Morgan Soffler, a Pulmonologist and ICU intensivist at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), and an Assistant Professor at Harvard Medical School, discusses a case of a patient with hypoxia in the setting of acute respiratory distress with RTL host, Dr. Navin Kumar. Dr. Soffler begins with a broad differential and provides a framework of timing, tempo, and medical history, along with labs and imaging, to sift through the myriad causes of hypoxia. Together, they walk through different forms of respiratory support and when to escalate this support for patients on the wards.

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Pressors

Mon, 14 Feb 2022 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Brady, an ICU intensivist and the director of the critical care medicine clerkship at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), discusses vasopressors and inotropes with RTL host, Dr. Navin Kumar. Together, they use the previous episode's (Ep. 71: Approach to Shock) case of an elderly patient with suspected distributive shock secondary to urosepsis as a framework to approach pressor requirements. Dr. Brady walks through establishing access, how to choose a pressor based on adrenergic physiology, and emphasizes when to take a diagnostic timeout in the ICU.

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Approach to Shock

Mon, 31 Jan 2022 17:02:46 +0000

Dr. Brady, an ICU intensivist and the director of critical care medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), explains how to categorize the four major types of shock with RTL host, Dr. Navin Kumar. Together, they discuss a case of an elderly patient with suspected urosepsis and walk through how to reconcile a patient’s history, physical exam, and lab findings along with the ongoing clinical picture. They touch on key decision points for patients in the ICU and end with some clinical pearls on shock management.

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COPD

Mon, 17 Jan 2022 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Walker, a Pulmonologist and Critical Care specialist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, explains how she diagnoses and manages COPD. They help breakdown a number of topics, including PFTs, severity classification, principles of outpatient and inpatient management, and how to talk about prognosis with your patients.

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Asthma & Social Determinants of Health

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Jefferson, an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics in the division of Allergy & Immunology and bioethicist at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, discusses the care of both pediatric and adult patients with asthma with host Dr. Walker Redd. Together, they define asthma and cover its triggers, diagnosis, and stepwise therapy plans. They also discuss how upstream factors - from environmental exposures to housing issues - can both exacerbate and affect access to appropriate care for patients with asthma.

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Approach to Dyspnea

Wed, 22 Dec 2021 09:00:00 +0000

In this episode, host Joyce Zhou speaks with Dr. Jeremy Richards, a pulmonologist and critical care physician at the Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center (BIDMC) and a medical educator who teaches the introduction to cardiopulmonary physiology course at Harvard Medical School. He grounds his framework for this common presenting concern in physiology and uses a case to discuss his take on diagnostic approaches.

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Careers in Infectious Diseases

Tue, 07 Dec 2021 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Sigal Yawetz, an infectious disease attending physician and medical educator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital chats with Blake Smith (host) about a career in infectious diseases. They talk together about the field of ID at large, in addition to sub-specializing, with a focus on the HIV patient population. Dr. Yawetz also comments on what it has been like living through two viruses that have shaped the globe - HIV and COVID - all through the lens of being an ID physician. The episode closes with Dr. Yawetz's pearls on how to think about choosing a medical specialty and why ID is a wonderful choice for students interested in continually thinking about all fields of medicine.

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HIV

Mon, 22 Nov 2021 09:00:00 +0000

Dr. Michelle Cespedes, an infectious disease attending physician at Mount Sinai Hospital, is interviewed by host Emily Gutowski about the diagnosis of patients with HIV. They talk about both the acute presentation as well as the management of a patient with uncontrolled HIV.

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Hospital-Acquired Infections

Mon, 08 Nov 2021 12:27:52 +0000

Dr. Mikyung Lee, an infectious disease attending physician and program director for the ID fellowship at Mount Sinai Hospital, discusses hospital-acquired infections, including ventilator-acquired pneumonias and catheter-associated UTIs.

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Cellulitis

Mon, 25 Oct 2021 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Sal Cilmi, an infectious disease attending physician and IM program director at Mount Sinai Hospital, discusses cellulitis and common culprits of soft tissue infections.

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Approach to Pneumonia

Mon, 11 Oct 2021 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Mary Montgomery, an Infectious Diseases specialist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, teaches host Walker Redd how she diagnoses and manages pneumonia. They discuss IDSA guidelines, classification, diagnostic studies, empiric antibiotics, complications, pathophysiology, and more.

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Approach to Fever

Mon, 27 Sep 2021 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Solomon, an Infectious Diseases specialist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, discusses his approach to fever with host, Walker Redd. In discussing Dr. Solomon's framework for clinical reasoning in infectious diseases and applying it to a case of fever of unclear etiology, they ask: Who is the host? What are the notable exposures? What is the syndrome? What doesn't fit?

Run the List podcast on AccessMedicine: https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/multimedia.aspx#1460

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Goals of Care Conversations

Wed, 15 Sep 2021 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Andy Lawton, a palliative care physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital shares with host, Joyce Zhou, the REMAP framework for having effective goals of care conversations with patients with serious illness. Dr. Lawton offers sample language on key components of goals of care conversations such as how to discuss prognoses, respond to emotions, and ask about values. He also reflects on how to best strike a balance between paternalism and patient autonomy during serious illness conversations.

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Geriatrics Overview

Mon, 30 Aug 2021 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Schwartz, a geriatrician at the VA Boston, gives an overview of Geriatric Medicine in this discussion with host, Walker Redd. They discuss how a systematic approach called the "5Ms of Geriatrics" - which includes mind, mobility, medications, multi-complexity, and matters most - can help us take better care of our older patients.

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Careers in Rheumatology

Mon, 16 Aug 2021 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Eli Miloslavsky, a rheumatologist and medical educator at Massachusetts General Hospital, chats with Blake Smith (host) about a career in rheumatology. They talk about subspecialties within rheumatology, in addition to the changing landscape of the field. The episode closes with Dr. Miloslavksy's pearls on how to think about choosing a medical specialty - rheumatology or other - and how to keep perspective when making the decision.

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Approach to Acute Back Pain

Mon, 02 Aug 2021 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Andrew Coyle, primary care physician formerly at Mount Sinai Hospital and current Program Director of the IM residency at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, gives an overview of a common issue in outpatient medicine: acute back pain. In this conversation with host, Emily Gutowski, Dr. Coyle discusses the broad differential diagnosis of back pain, red flags to look out for, and therapeutic options for patients.

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Approach to Joint Pain

Mon, 19 Jul 2021 14:22:50 +0000

Dr. Eli Miloslavsky, a rheumatologist and medical educator at Massachusetts General Hospital, shares an approach to joint pain with Joyce Zhou (host).

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Approach to Rheumatologic Diseases

Mon, 05 Jul 2021 12:45:46 +0000

Dr. Eli Miloslavsky, a rheumatologist and medical educator at Massachusetts General Hospital, shares an approach to rheumatologic diseases with Joyce Zhou (host).

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Diagnostic Uncertainty in Medicine

Tue, 11 May 2021 14:15:09 +0000

In this episode, Dr. Daniel Motta-Calderon chats with Dr. Anuj Dalal, an academic hospitalist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Dr. Lindsey Wu, teaching hospitalist at the Durham VA Medical Center. The discussion begins with a case of a patient presenting with atypical chest pain at the time of admission. Dr. Wu shares her degree of certainty about the case, and she teaches us about the causes and consequences of not addressing diagnostic uncertainty in the hospital setting. We later learn about the patient's hospital course and find out that the patient experienced a delayed diagnosis. Dr. Dalal walks through the concept of diagnostic error and its relevance for patient safety. The conversation closes with ways to address diagnostic uncertainty and how to create a culture of diagnostic safety among trainees, in addition to some tips to become better diagnosticians.

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Financial Literacy for Medical Trainees

Mon, 15 Mar 2021 08:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Emily Gutowski (host) interviews Dr. William Bernstein, a neurologist, financial theorist, and author. They speak about the importance of learning to manage finances early on in one’s medical career, as well as some of the hurdles faced specifically by young trainees. Lastly, Dr. Bernstein provides suggestions for individuals looking to start investing.

Linked resources:

https://www.amazon.com/White-Coat-Investor-Personal-Investing/dp/0991433106

https://www.etf.com/docs/IfYouCan.pdf

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Understanding the Latinx Culture in Medicine

Mon, 01 Mar 2021 13:24:37 +0000

In this episode, Dr. Daniel Motta-Calderon (host) talks with Raquel Sofía Sandoval (invited student), a fourth-year MD/MPP student at Harvard, and Dr. Pilar Ortega (discussant), author, researcher, and expert on health communication, multilingualism, and equity. First, they shed light on the differences between race and ethnicity and defined identifiers like “Latinx” and “Latine” that some of our patients use to self-identify. They then focused in explaining some cultural themes and barriers that Latinx patients experience when accessing the healthcare system. The episode closes with some recommendations for listeners on best practices to establish linguistically and culturally competent care when taking care of Latinx patients.

En este episodio, el Dr. Daniel Motta-Calderon (presentador) habla con Raquel Sofía Sandoval (estudiante invitada), estudiante de cuarto año de MD / MPP en Harvard, y la Dra. Pilar Ortega (comentarista), autora, investigadora y experta en comunicación en salud, multilingüismo y equidad. Primero, discutieron acerca de las diferencias entre raza y etnia y definieron términos como “Latinx” y “Latine” que algunos de nuestros pacientes usan para identificarse a sí mismos. Luego se enfocaron en explicar algunos temas culturales y barreras que los pacientes Latinx experimentan al acceder al sistema de salud. El episodio cierra con algunas recomendaciones para los oyentes sobre mejores prácticas para establecer una relación cultural y linguísticamente competente al atender a pacientes Latinx.

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Diversity and Inclusion in Medicine

Mon, 15 Feb 2021 09:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Jordan Petersen (audio editor, host) speaks with Dr. Valerie Stone, the Vice Chair for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Lash Nolen, a 2nd year Harvard medical student and the first black woman to serve as student council president at HMS. Together, they discuss the importance of diversity and inclusion in the classroom, on the wards, and within medical institutions at large. They take a historical approach to their discussion and provide perspective on ways to prioritize diversity and inclusion in order to engender belonging for both patients and trainees going forward.

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Addressing Implicit Bias and Microaggressions

Mon, 25 Jan 2021 13:44:25 +0000

In “Addressing Implicit Bias and Microaggressions,” Jordan Petersen (audio editor, host) speaks with two leaders in diversity, equity, and inclusion: Titi Afolabi, a 4th year Harvard medical student, and Dr. Sherri-Ann Burnett-Bowie, the Director of Multicultural Affairs and an endocrinologist at Massachusetts General Hospital. They explore their definitions for implicit bias and microaggressions, the contexts in which they emerge in medicine, and their own perspectives experiencing and witnessing the harms of them in the hospital and in medical school. They also discuss frameworks for acknowledging and reducing implicit bias and microaggressions and end with key takeaways for listeners.

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Careers in Hematology/Oncology

Fri, 13 Nov 2020 09:00:00 +0000

In this episode of Run the List, Blake Smith (host) talks with Dr. David Steensma, a hematologist/oncologist at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, about his career path, the changing landscape of the field, and how to immerse oneself in new disease indications within an already-established division of medicine. They talk about Dr. Steensma’s impressive writing career, scientific and clinical research, and his budding interest in clonal hematopoiesis. The episode closes with a retrospective discussion of hematology/oncology, how the field has changed over time, and a look to the future.

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Solid Oncologic Emergencies

Fri, 30 Oct 2020 08:00:00 +0000

In this episode of Run the List, Walker Redd (host) and Jakub Glowala (case presenter) talk with Dr. Rebecca Zon, a hematology/oncology fellow in the Dana-Farber/Mass General Brigham program, about solid oncologic emergencies. We learn to think anatomically about where tumors arise, where they may subsequently present, and how that can clinically manifest in an emergent situation. They then focus in on neurologic complications of solid malignancies and discuss how to triage, manage, and consult with other medical and surgical teams to provide rapid care to these patients. The episode then closes with clinical pearls from Dr. Walker Redd who highlights the need to quickly assess the severity of the patient in these contexts.

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Lymphadenopathy

Sat, 24 Oct 2020 08:00:00 +0000

In this episode of Run the List, Walker Redd (host) and Jordan Said (case presenter) talk with Dr. Matthew Weinstock, a hematologist/oncologist at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, about the causes and workup of lymphadenopathy. We learn about how to stratify lymphadenopathy into less and more serious cases based on the physical exam, and review the wide differential of generalized and diffuse lymphadenopathy. The episode closes with clinical pearls from both Dr. Weinstock and Jordan about the differential diagnosis and management of lymphadenopathy.

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Thrombophilia and Anticoagulation

Fri, 02 Oct 2020 21:00:00 +0000

In this episode of Run the List, Joyce Zhou (host) and Blake Smith (case presenter) talk with Dr. Jean Connors, a hematologist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, about the causes of thrombophilia (congenital and acquired) and its management in the acute care setting. We learn about common risk factors and how these can be both additive and synergistic with inherited causes of thrombophilia. The episode closes with Dr. Connors’ discussion of both when to order lab tests and how to interpret them in the setting of VTE, in addition to important clinical pearls to consider with any case of known or suspected thrombophilia.

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Sickle Cell Disease

Fri, 18 Sep 2020 11:32:11 +0000

In this episode of Run the List, Joyce Zhou (host) and Katie Kester (case presenter) discuss sickle cell disease and the management of acute chest syndrome with Dr. Maureen Achebe, a hematologist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. We learn not only about the management and common complications of sickle cell but also some of the challenges that patients with sickle cell face in accessing care and how best to advocate for these patients.

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Febrile Neutropenia

Fri, 11 Sep 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Marlise Luskin, a hematologist/oncologist at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, joins host Walker Redd and case presenter Jakub Glowala to discuss a case of a febrile neutropenia (FN) in a patient with AML. Dr. Luskin first defines neutropenia, then fever, and moves to the chronicity of FN. Using these definitions, Dr. Luskin talks about ways to identify which pathogens are more likely associated with acute vs. chronic FN presentations. They then walk through the standard workup of a patient with FN, talk about which tests/procedures to avoid, and which to later include when fevers do not resolve after empiric treatment.

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Pancytopenia

Fri, 28 Aug 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Aric Parnes, a hematologist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, joins host Joyce Zhou and case presenter Sarah Onorato to talk through a case of a patient presenting with new onset pancytopenia. Throughout the case, they discuss a framework for thinking through the major causes of pancytopenia. In addition, they consider the steps in emergent management of severe pancytopenia and an approach to history taking, physical examination, and data interpretation for patients with pancytopenia. Tune in to hear their discussion, including the patient’s final diagnosis and Dr. Parnes’ three clinical pearls for pancytopenia!

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Thrombocytopenia

Fri, 21 Aug 2020 12:14:02 +0000

Dr. Robert Stern, a hematologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, discusses thrombocytopenia with Dr. Navin Kumar (host) and Sarah Onorato (script writer and case presenter). He discusses a clinical framework to diagnosis, initial considerations on management, and key considerations and management points for the patient case. They wrap up with high yield clinical pearls.

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Anemia

Fri, 14 Aug 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Arielle Langer, a hematologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital, discusses her approach to diagnosing anemia and applies it to clinical cases with Joyce Zhou (host) and Jordan Said (scriptwriter and case presenter). They step through the important history-taking and lab findings necessary to evaluate a patient with anemia and discuss how to bring these elements together to inform a wide differential diagnosis. The group also offers some high-yield points to consider for the treatment of specific causes of anemia. The episode concludes with clinical pearls from Dr. Langer and final tips from Jordan.

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Careers in Endocrinology

Fri, 31 Jul 2020 12:05:07 +0000

Dr. OP Hamnvik, an endocrinologist and the Director of the Center for Oncoendocrinology at Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), discusses his career to becoming an endocrinologist with Blake Smith (host). Originally from Norway, Dr. Hamnvik takes us around the globe as he began his journey as a medical student in Ireland, followed by residency and fellowship at BWH in Boston. He now runs the endocrinology fellowship at BWH, in addition to educating thousands of students and faculty through his role as the Education Editor at the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM). Outside of education, he has a particular interest in caring for transgender patients, in addition to seeing cancer patients at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute whose immune therapy (checkpoint blockade) has resulted in autoimmune endocrinopathies. Dr. Hamnvik closes the episode with a few takeaways for listeners interested in pursuing a career in endocrinology, in addition to some tips for our international student following who might want to pursue future clinical training in the US!

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Transgender Health

Fri, 24 Jul 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. OP Hamnvik, an endocrinologist and the Director of the Center for Oncoendocrinology at Brigham and Women's Hospital, discusses transgender health from the endocrinologist’s perspective with Joyce Zhou (host) and Jordan Said (script writer and case presenter). They discuss the central tenets of caring for a transgender patient, the agents used for gender-affirming hormone therapy, and the long-term monitoring and management of these patients. The episode ends with some clinical pearls from both Jordan and Dr. Hamnvik.

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Adrenal Insufficiency

Fri, 17 Jul 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Anand Vaidya, an endocrinologist and the director of the Center for Adrenal Disorders at Brigham and Women's Hospital, discusses adrenal insufficiency with Dr. Navin Kumar (host) and Bina Kassamali (script writer and case presenter). They discuss the presentation of adrenal insufficiency (AI) and its triggers, a framework for primary vs. secondary causes of AI, an endocrine work-up for AI and related diseases, and the management of AI with steroids and patient education. Dr. Vaidya also makes a brief note on adrenal crises. The episode ends with some clinical pearls from both Bina and Dr. Vaidya.

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Acute Hyperglycemic Episodes

Fri, 10 Jul 2020 12:19:52 +0000

Dr. Nadine Palermo, an endocrinologist and the Associate Director of the Acute Diabetes Care program at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, talks with Joyce Zhou (host) and Jakub Glowala (case presenter) to discuss acute hyperglycemic episodes. The discussion begins with a case of a patient presenting with dehydration, altered mental status, emesis, and suspected symptomatic hyperglycemia. Dr. Palermo then brings us up to speed on the pathophysiology behind diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), underscoring the role of osmotic diuresis and counter-regulatory hormones in exacerbating the two conditions. Dr. Palermo instructs us on the “classic” signs of a patient presenting with DKA, while cautioning us against relying solely on these textbook findings, as the workup often involves a holistic combination of BMP, urinalysis, ABG/VBGs, and history-taking. The episode closes with a discussion of DKA and HHS treatment, in addition to some clinical pearls.

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Inpatient Diabetes Management

Fri, 26 Jun 2020 15:00:36 +0000

Dr. Nadine Palermo, an endocrinologist and the Associate Director of the Acute Diabetes Care program at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, talks with Joyce Zhou (host) and Jakub Glowala (case presenter) to discuss the management of inpatient diabetes patients. Dr. Palermo begins by discussing the way to think about hyperglycemic patients in the hospital, how we can arrive at new diagnoses of diabetes, in addition to why treating inpatient dysglycemia matters. Dr. Palermo provides us with a brief detour on non-insulin agents, their associated side effects, and their potential use in particular hospitalized patients in the future. We are then taught about using a weight-based approach to hyperglycemic management, taking into consideration other comorbidities and feeding requirements, as well given an understanding of the various insulin agents (rapid-, intermediate-, and long-acting), in order to establish an individualized plan for the inpatient hyperglycemic patient.

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Outpatient Type 2 Diabetes Management

Fri, 19 Jun 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Anna Goldman, an endocrinologist and medical educator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, talks with Joyce Zhou (host) and Dr. Emily Gutowski (case presenter) to discuss diagnosis, management, and lifestyle considerations in patients with diabetes mellitus. They talk through a case of a patient with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a family history of T2DM. Dr. Goldman presents her framework for type 1 vs. type 2 DM and how to diagnose T2DM based on labs, physical exam findings, and clinical history. Moreover, Dr. Goldman teaches us about the various pharmacologic agents used in T2DM treatment (metformin, sulfonylureas, DPP4i, GLP1R agonists, SGLT2i) from their mechanisms of action and side effects to their different clinical uses. Dr. Goldman closes the conversation by discussing what her follow-up visit looks like both in history-taking and physical examination, in addition to any treatments that need to be considered.

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Hypocalcemia

Fri, 12 Jun 2020 12:13:37 +0000

Dr. OP Hamnvik, an endocrinologist and medical educator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, joins Joyce Zhou (host) and Dr. Emily Gutowski (case presenter) to discuss hypocalcemia. They run through a case of a patient with a recent thyroidectomy who presents with perioral paresthesia and hypocalcemia. Dr. Hamnvik takes us through the many causes of hypocalcemia, from the PTH-dependent to the PTH-independent causes, in addition to ways in which we can test for hypocalcemia at the bedside through Chvostek's & Trousseau's signs. Dr. Hamnvik gives us a quick refresher on calcium homeostasis, vitamin D metabolism, and the various ways in which these can go awry to cause hypocalcemia. The conversation ends with a discussion of the classic hypocalcemia labs, treatment decision-making, and several clinical pearls from Emily & Dr. Hamnvik!

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Introduction to Health Inequities

Wed, 03 Jun 2020 17:51:34 +0000

Run the List dedicates this episode to George Floyd, Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor, and others that have been tragically lost due to structural racism within our society.

In this important episode, Dr. Navin Kumar talks with Dr. Utibe Essien, an Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and a researcher who dedicates much of his time to racial and ethnic health disparities. In it, Dr. Essien educates us on the discipline of health disparities, talking about its early history from 1899 through today, and advocates for its place in medical school curricula, as social determinants of health are a critical piece of disease pathophysiology. The two touch on the social structures that drive disease admissions and presentations, using COVID-19 as a prominent example of the social inequities that exist within our society. Moreover, they discuss structural racism and how we as a medical community can step up to respond and make an impact. We can’t go on as "business-as-usual” and Dr. Essien provides us with practical short-term and long-term steps to take in order to take better care of our patients and one another.

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Hypercalcemia

Fri, 29 May 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. OP Hamnvik, an endocrinologist and medical educator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, joins Emily Gutowski (host) and Joyce Zhou (case presenter) to discuss hypercalcemia. Through a case of an outpatient presenting with incidental hypercalcemia and no symptoms, Dr. Hamnvik walks through ways to differentiate the various causes of hypercalcemia, from primary hyperparathyroidism to non-PTH-mediated sources such as malignancy. Together, they discuss the normal regulation of calcium in the body and explore the ways in which various labs can be used in conjunction to pinpoint the diagnosis, paying attention to possible laboratory artifacts. The conversation closes with ways to manage both inpatient and outpatient hypercalcemia, in addition to learning several clinical pearls from Dr. Hamnvik!

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Hyperthyroidism

Fri, 22 May 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Rachel Blair, an endocrinology fellow at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, joins Emily Gutowski (host) and Katie Kester (case presenter) to discuss hyperthyroidism. Together, they walk through a case of a young patient with suspected thyrotoxicosis and discuss the diagnostic workup, from physical exam and labs to radioactive iodine uptake studies. They talk through causes of primary and secondary hyperthyroidism, when thyrotoxicosis is considered an endocrine emergency, and how to provide initial empiric management of patients with suspected hyperthyroidism while awaiting thyroid antibody tests. The conversation closes with Dr. Blair’s three major clinical takeaways, but you’ll have to tune in to find out!

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Hypothyroidism

Fri, 15 May 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Rachel Blair, an endocrinology fellow at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, joins Dr. Navin Kumar (host) and Sarah Onorato (case presenter) to discuss hypothyroidism. Together, they use a sample case of a patient with hypothyroidism as a framework to guide discussion about primary vs. secondary hypothyroidism, associated lab findings, and management of unambiguous hypothyroidism vs. subclinical hypothyroidism. They wrap up their discussion with several clinical pearls, advocating for both a broad differential and panel of lab studies, assessed over time, to cinch the diagnosis.

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ICU Management of COVID-19

Fri, 08 May 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Ari Moskowitz, the Associate ICU Director in the division of pulmonary and critical care medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, talks with Dr. Navin Kumar about the management of patients with severe COVID-19. The two examine which patients require escalation to ICU-level care, in addition to the complications of severe COVID-19 and which organ systems can be affected. They discuss how to identify hypoxemic respiratory failure, the utility of the physical exam in the process, and the need to avoid anchoring bias during diagnostic work-up. Lastly, Dr. Moskowitz covers the mainstays of ICU care in ARDS and severe COVID-19 patients, with a focus on physical maneuvers like proning, and an emphasis on evidence-based medicine.

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Virtual Learning During COVID-19

Fri, 01 May 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Moses Murdock, a 5th year medical student at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, is interviewed by Blake Smith, a 2nd year medical student at Harvard Medical School, about virtual learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Together, they talk about what virtual learning means to medical students both now and in the future, in addition to ways to take charge of independent learning through identification of diverse learning formats that best suit oneself. In the episode, Moses offers a number virtual learning resources and breaks them down into three major categories: content, community building, and active learning. They also offer tips to those seeking to engage on #MedTwitter and ways to continue sharpening one's diagnostic skills, virtually.

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Starting Intern Year During a Pandemic

Fri, 24 Apr 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Walker Redd, an internal medicine resident at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, chats with Emily Gutowski, a 4th year medical student at Harvard Medical School, about what to expect as an incoming intern amidst the current COVID-19 pandemic. They talk through adjustments that interns may be expected to make as part of the care team, in addition to mindset changes that can be adopted early on during this state of flux. Moreover, they discuss virtual learning opportunities that rising interns - as well as current residents and attending physicians - can use to think through and practice end of life discussions, enabling humanism during this uncertain time.

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Non-ICU Inpatient Management of COVID-19

Tue, 07 Apr 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Mary Montgomery, an infectious disease physician at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, talks with Dr. Navin Kumar about the current COVID-19 pandemic. The two focus their discussion on inpatient diagnosis and management, covering the disease’s variable presentation, optimal time to test via nasopharyngeal swab, and current treatment paradigm from initial hospitalization to ICU. Possible therapeutic candidates, such as remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, and IL-6 inhibitors, are also discussed.

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Careers in Cardiology

Fri, 20 Mar 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Lisa Rosenbaum, a cardiologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital speaks to Emily Gutowski, a 4th year medical student at Harvard Medical School, about her unique career as a clinician and physician-writer for the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) as the National Correspondent. They also shed light on aspects of gender disparity in medicine, finding role models, and avoiding burnout in the ever-changing field of cardiology.

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Inpatient Procedures

Fri, 13 Mar 2020 08:00:00 +0000

Dr. Joshua Lang, cardiology fellow at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, joins us in this episode of Run the List to discuss common inpatient procedures on the wards. He is interviewed by Dr. Walker Redd and together they walk us through placing central/arterial lines, paracentesis & thoracentesis, ultrasound-guided procedures, and more! They emphasize the importance of doing dry runs early on, talking patients through the intended plan, and conclude with pro tips on becoming more comfortable with doing procedures at the bedside.

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Tachyarrhythmias

Fri, 06 Mar 2020 17:00:00 +0000

Dr. Victor Nauffal, cardiology fellow at Brigham and Women's Hospital, is interviewed by Dr. David Wang about tachyarrhythmias. They work through a case and general approach to this topic, including a discussion about when to use electricity, distinguishing rhythms on an EKG, and treatment considerations. The case concludes with clinical pearls to take with you on the wards.

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Atrial Fibrillation

Fri, 28 Feb 2020 15:00:00 +0000

Balim Senman, second-year internal medicine resident at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, interviews Zaid Almarzooq, cardiology fellow, about atrial fibrillation. They work through a case presentation and talk about common precipitants and risks of this arrhythmia. This episode also includes a discussion about when to pursue cardioversion, how to decide on anticoagulation therapy, as well as rate versus rhythm control. The episode concludes with a helpful mnemonic and three take-home points.

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Chest Pain, Part 2

Fri, 07 Feb 2020 12:00:00 +0000

In Part 2, Emily Gutowski continues her interview with Dr. Zaid Almarzooq, cardiology fellow at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, about evaluating a patient with chest pain. They discuss diagnostic testing and management, include a helpful mnemonic, and conclude the episode with a few clinical pearls.

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Chest Pain, Part 1

Fri, 31 Jan 2020 12:00:00 +0000

In Part 1 of this topic, Emily Gutowski interviews Dr. Zaid Almarzooq, cardiology fellow at Brigham and Women's Hospital, about the evaluation of a patient with chest pain. They discuss a case of a woman in the emergency room with chest pain, important questions to ask on history, physical exam findings to look out for, as well as the differential diagnosis for chest pain. In Part 2, the topic will conclude with a discussion about diagnostic testing, management, and clinical pearls.

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Non-Invasive Evaluation of Chest Pain

Fri, 17 Jan 2020 12:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Dr. Navin Kumar interviews Dr. Sanjay Divakaran, cardiology fellow at Brigham and Women's Hospital, about his approach to a non-invasive evaluation of chest pain. They discuss how to think about a patient's pre-test probability to help guide diagnostic testing, as well as guidelines in interpreting reports and how to counsel patients about chest pain. As always, the episode concludes with a few clinical pearls to take with you.

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Cardiac Causes of Syncope - with Dr. Jason Ryan

Fri, 13 Dec 2019 12:00:00 +0000

Dr. Jason Ryan, creator and CEO of Boards and Beyond, joins us in this episode to discuss cardiac causes of syncope. He is interviewed by Emily Gutowski and takes listeners through the diagnosis of syncope and features that should alert clinicians to a potential cardiac etiology. They work through important diagnostic measures, indications for AICD placement, and when to consult cardiology. The episode concludes with a few clinical pearls.

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Heart Failure Management

Fri, 06 Dec 2019 12:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Dr. Walker Redd interviews Dr. Emily Lau about the general management of stable patients with heart failure when they are not in an acute exacerbation. They discuss the mnemonic “PANIC DR. AIR,” which reminds clinicians of all the important aspects of caring for patients with heart failure. They also include advice that physicians can provide patients while living a life with heart failure at home.

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Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Fri, 29 Nov 2019 12:00:00 +0000

Dr. Emily Lau, cardiologist and chief resident at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, is interviewed by Dr. Walker Redd about the management of a patient with acute decompensated heart failure. They work through the general framework for thinking about potential etiologies and triggers of heart failure exacerbations, as well as key points in the management of these patients. The episode concludes with three clinical pearls to bring with you to the wards.

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Careers in Nephrology

Fri, 08 Nov 2019 12:00:00 +0000

In our final nephrology episode, Dr. Sushrut Waikar talks with Emily Gutowski about his own journey to nephrology. He discusses its multiple career paths, what he loves about the field, as well as what makes nephrology unique.

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Approach to Urinalysis

Fri, 01 Nov 2019 11:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Dr. Sushrut Waikar takes us through his approach to interpreting a urinalysis. We work through classic patterns, caveats, and discuss when to consider a further workup. This episode is a helpful review of some of the basics with the addition of helpful clinical pearls that will help you on the wards.

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Careers in Gastroenterology

Fri, 13 Sep 2019 11:00:00 +0000

In the final episode of our GI chapter, Dr. Navin Kumar is interviewed by Dr. Walker Redd about career options in gastroenterology. Dr. Kumar discusses what got him interested in GI, his own path, and the diversity of options available through a gastroenterology career. He concludes with advice for medical students and early residents considering gastroenterology.

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Biliary Disease

Fri, 06 Sep 2019 13:47:27 +0000

Dr. Navin Kumar is interviewed by Dr. Walker Redd about the workup, diagnosis, and management of a patient with acute cholecystitis. We discuss an overview of the types and terminology of biliary pathology, and conclude with a few clinical pearls you can take with you to the wards.

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Cirrhosis

Fri, 30 Aug 2019 11:00:00 +0000

In this episode, our guest is Dr. Navin Kumar, attending gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. We discuss the workup, diagnosis, and management of a patient with cirrhosis. We conclude with a few clinical pearls you can take with you to the wards.

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Pancreatitis

Fri, 23 Aug 2019 11:00:00 +0000

In this episode, Dr. Walker Redd interviews Dr. Navin Kumar, attending gastroenterologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital. He takes us through the workup, diagnosis, and management of a patient with pancreatitis.

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Welcome to Run the List!

Sat, 03 Aug 2019 10:08:46 +0000

A short introductory episode introducing you to the members of our team, and explaining a bit about our new podcast.

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